Ingqikithi kanye nokuqaliswa kokupholisha
Kungani sidinga ukwenza ukucubungula okuphezulu ezingxenyeni zemishini?
Inqubo yokwelashwa okungaphezulu izohluka ngezinhloso ezahlukene.
1 Izinhloso ezintathu zokucutshungulwa kwendawo yezingxenye zemishini:
1.1 Indlela yokucubungula indawo ukuze kutholwe ukunemba kwengxenye
Ezingxenyeni ezinezidingo ezifanayo, izimfuneko zokunemba (okuhlanganisa ukunemba kobukhulu, ukunemba komumo ngisho nokunemba kwendawo) ngokuvamile ziphakeme uma kuqhathaniswa, futhi ukunemba nobulukhuni bendawo kuhlobene. Ukuze uthole ukunemba, ubulukhuni obuhambisanayo kufanele bufezwe. Isibonelo: ukunemba kwe-IT6 ngokuvamile kudinga ubulukhuni obuhambisanayo obungu-Ra0.8.
[Izindlela ezijwayelekile zemishini]:
- Ukuphenduka noma ukugaya
- Fine boring
- ukugaya kahle
- Ukugaya
1.2 Izindlela zokucubungula indawo engaphezulu ukuze kutholwe izakhiwo zemishini ezingaphezulu
1.2.1 Ukuthola ukumelana nokugqokwa
[Izindlela ezivamile]
- Ukugaya ngemva kokuqina noma ukungcwatshwa/ukucima (i-nitriding)
- Ukugaya nokupholishwa ngemva kokufakwa kwe-chrome eqinile
1.2.2 Ukuthola isimo esihle sokucindezeleka
[Izindlela ezivamile]
- Ukuguquguquka nokugaya
- Ukwelashwa kokushisa okungaphezulu nokugaya
- Ukugingqika okungaphezulu noma ukuchama okulandelwa ukugaya kahle
1.3 Izindlela zokucubungula ukuthola izakhiwo zamakhemikhali ezingaphezulu
[Izindlela ezivamile]
- I-Electroplating kanye nokupholisha
2 Ubuchwepheshe bokupholisha ubuso bensimbi
2.1 Ukubaluleka Kuyingxenye ebalulekile yomkhakha wezobuchwepheshe obuphezulu kanye nobunjiniyela, futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu ezinqubweni zokukhiqiza zezimboni, ikakhulukazi embonini ye-electroplating, i-coating, i-anodizing kanye nezinqubo ezihlukahlukene zokwelashwa kwendawo.
2.2 Kungani amapharamitha okuqala kanye nemingcele yomphumela ozuziwe we-workpiece ibaluleke kangaka?Ngoba zingamaphuzu okuqala futhi okuhloswe ngawo umsebenzi wokupholisha, onquma indlela yokukhetha uhlobo lomshini wokupholisha, kanye nenani lamakhanda okugaya, uhlobo lwempahla, izindleko, nokusebenza kahle okudingekayo kumshini wokupholisha.
2.3 Izigaba Zokugaya & Ukupholisha kanye Nezindlela
Izigaba ezine ezijwayelekile zeukugayafuthiukupholisha ] : ngokuvumelana nobukhulu bokuqala nobokugcina amanani e-Ra we-workpiece, ukugaya amaholo - ukugaya kahle - ukugaya kahle - ukupholisha. Ama-abrasives ahluka ukusuka kokumaholo kuya kokuhle. Ithuluzi lokugaya kanye nomsebenzi kufanele kuhlanzwe njalo lapho zishintshwa.
2.3.1 Ithuluzi lokugaya liqinile, i-micro-cutting kanye ne-extrusion effect inkulu, futhi usayizi nobulukhuni kunezinguquko ezisobala.
2.3.2 Ukupholisha ngomshini kuyinqubo yokusika ebucayi kunokugaya. Ithuluzi lokupholisha lenziwe ngezinto ezithambile, ezinganciphisa kuphela ukuqina kodwa azikwazi ukushintsha ukunemba kosayizi nokuma. Ubulukhuni bungafinyelela ngaphansi kuka-0.4μm.
2.4 Imiqondo emincane emithathu yokwelashwa kokuqeda phezulu: ukugaya, ukupholishwa, nokuqeda
2.4.1 Umqondo wokugaya nokupholishwa ngomshini
Nakuba kokubili ukugaya ngomshini kanye nokupholishwa ngomshini kunganciphisa ukuhwaqeka kwendawo, kukhona futhi umehluko:
- 【Ukupholisha ngomshini】: Kuhlanganisa ukubekezelelana kobukhulu, ukubekezelelana komumo nokubekezelela isikhundla. Kumele iqinisekise ukubekezelelana kwe-dimensional, ukubekezelelana komumo kanye nokubekezelelana kwendawo yendawo ephansi ngenkathi inciphisa ukugoqa.
- Ukupholisha ngomshini: Kuhlukile ekupholishweni. Ithuthukisa kuphela isiphetho esingaphezulu, kodwa ukubekezelelana akukwazi ukuqinisekiswa ngokuthembekile. Ukukhanya kwayo kuphakeme futhi kugqame kunokupholisha. Indlela evamile yokupholisha ngomshini ukugaya.
2.4.2 [Ukuphothula ukucubungula] kuyinqubo yokugaya nokupholisha (okufushanisiwe njengokuthi ukugaya nokupholishwa) okwenziwa endaweni yokusebenza ngemva komshini omuhle, ngaphandle kokukhipha noma ukukhipha kuphela ungqimba oluncane lwempahla, ngenhloso eyinhloko yokunciphisa ama-roughness ebusweni, ukwandisa isicwebezelisi sobuso nokuqinisa indawo yayo.
Ukunemba kanye nokuqina kwengxenye yobuso kunethonya elikhulu empilweni nasezingeni layo. Isendlalelo esiwohlokile esishiywe yi-EDM kanye nokuqhekeka okuncane okushiywe ukugaya kuzothinta impilo yesevisi yezingxenye.
① Inqubo yokuqeda inemvume encane yokwenza imishini futhi isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yendawo. Inani elincane lisetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukunemba komshini (njengokunemba kobukhulu nokunemba komumo), kodwa alikwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukunemba kwendawo.
② Ukuqeda inqubo yokusika okuncane kanye nokukhipha indawo yokusebenza ngama-abrasives anezinhlamvu ezinhle. Ubuso bucutshungulwa ngokulinganayo, amandla okusika nokushisa okusika kuncane kakhulu, futhi izinga eliphezulu kakhulu lingatholakala. ③ Ukuqeda kuyinqubo yokucubungula okuncane futhi akukwazi ukulungisa amaphutha amakhulu. Ukucubungula kahle kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokucubungula.
Ingqikithi yokupholisha ingaphezulu lensimbi ukucutshungulwa kokukhipha okuncane okukhethekile.
3. Izindlela zenqubo yokupholisha ezivuthiwe njengamanje: 3.1 ukupholishwa ngomshini, 3.2 ukupholishwa kwamakhemikhali, 3.3 ukupholishwa nge-electrolytic, 3.4 ukupholishwa nge-ultrasonic, 3.5 ukupholisha uketshezi, 3.6 ukupholishwa kokugaya kazibuthe,
3.1 Ukupholisha ngomshini
I-Mechanical polishing iyindlela yokupholishwa encike ekusikeni nasekuguqulweni kwepulasitiki kwendawo yezinto ezibonakalayo ukuze kukhishwe ama-protrusions aphucuziwe ukuze kutholwe indawo ebushelelezi.
Ngokusebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe, ukupholisha ngomshini kungafinyelela ubulukhuni obuphezulu be-Ra0.008μm, obuphakeme kakhulu phakathi kwezindlela zokupholisha ezihlukahlukene. Le ndlela ivame ukusetshenziswa ekubunjweni kwe-optical lens.
3.2 Ukupholisha ngamakhemikhali
Ukupholishwa ngamakhemikhali ukwenza izingxenye ze-convex ezincane kakhulu zendawo ebonakalayo zincibilike ngokukhethekile endaweni yamakhemikhali ngaphezu kwezingxenye eziqondile, ukuze kutholwe indawo ebushelelezi. Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zale ndlela ukuthi ayidingi imishini eyinkimbinkimbi, ingapholisha ama-workpieces anobunjwa obuyinkimbinkimbi, ingapholisha ama-workpiece amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi isebenza kahle kakhulu. Udaba oluyinhloko lokupholisha ngamakhemikhali ukulungiswa koketshezi lokupholisha. Ubulukhuni obungaphezulu obutholwe ngokupholisha ngamakhemikhali ngokuvamile buba amashumi amaningana ka-μm.
3.3 Ukupholisha nge-Electrolytic
Ukupholisha nge-electrolytic, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukupholisha nge-electrochemical, ngokukhetha kuncibilikisa ama-protrusions amancanyana ebusweni bento ukwenza ubuso bushelelezi.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nokupholisha kwamakhemikhali, umphumela wokusabela kwe-cathode ungaqedwa futhi umphumela ungcono. Inqubo ye-electrochemical polishing ihlukaniswe ngezinyathelo ezimbili:
(1) I-Macro-leveling: Imikhiqizo encibilikisiwe isakazeka ku-electrolyte, futhi ukuhwaqeka kwejometri yendawo ebonakalayo kuncipha, i-Ra 1μm.
(2) Ukushelela kwe-Gloss: I-anodic polarization: Ukukhanya okungaphezulu kuyathuthukiswa, i-Ralμm.
3.4 Ukupholisha nge-ultrasonic
I-workpiece ifakwe ekumisweni okulimazayo futhi ifakwe ensimini ye-ultrasonic. I-abrasive iphansi futhi ipholishelwe endaweni yokusebenza ngokuzulazula kwegagasi le-ultrasonic. Imishini ye-Ultrasonic inamandla amancane we-macroscopic futhi ngeke ibangele ukuguqulwa kwe-workpiece, kodwa ithuluzi linzima ukwenza nokufaka.
Imishini ye-Ultrasonic ingahlanganiswa nezindlela zamakhemikhali noma ze-electrochemical. Ngesisekelo sokugqwala kwesisombululo kanye ne-electrolysis, ukudlidliza kwe-ultrasonic kusetshenziselwa ukuvusa isixazululo sokuhlukanisa imikhiqizo encibilikisiwe endaweni yokusebenza nokwenza ukugqwala noma i-electrolyte eduze komfaniswano ongaphezulu; umphumela we-cavitation wamagagasi e-ultrasonic oketshezini ungavimbela inqubo yokugqwala futhi wenze kube lula ukukhanya kwendawo.
3.5 Ukupholisha uketshezi
Ukupholisha okuwuketshezi kuncike oketshezini olugeleza ngesivinini esiphezulu kanye nezinhlayiya ezilumayo oluzithwalayo ukuze kuxutshwe indawo yokusebenza ukuze kufezwe injongo yokupholisha.
Izindlela ezivame ukusetshenziswa zihlanganisa: ukucubungula i-jet abrasive, i-liquid jet processing, i-fluid dynamic grinding, njll.
3.6 Ukugaya kanye nokupholishwa ngozibuthe
Ukugaya kazibuthe nokupholishwa kusebenzisa ama-abrasive kazibuthe ukwenza amabhulashi abrasive ngaphansi kwesenzo sikazibuthe ukugaya ucezu lokusebenza.
Le ndlela inekhwalithi ephezulu yokucubungula, ikhwalithi enhle, ukulawula kalula izimo zokucubungula, nezimo ezinhle zokusebenza. Ngama-abrasives afanelekile, ubulukhuni obungaphezulu bungafinyelela ku-Ra0.1μm.
Ngalesi sihloko, ngikholwa ukuthi uzoba nokuqonda okungcono kokupholisha. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zemishini yokupholisha zizonquma umphumela, ukusebenza kahle, izindleko kanye nezinye izinkomba zokufeza imigomo ehlukene yokupholisha izingcezu zokusebenza.
Hlobo luni lomshini wokupholisha inkampani yakho noma amakhasimende akho aludingayo akumele kuphela umataniswe ngokuya ngocezu lomsebenzi uqobo, kodwa futhi kusekelwe esidingweni somsebenzisi semakethe, isimo sezezimali, ukuthuthukiswa kwebhizinisi nezinye izici.
Yebo, kunendlela elula nephumelelayo yokubhekana nalokhu. Sicela uxhumane nezisebenzi zethu zangaphambi kokuthengisa ukuze zikusize.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-17-2024